Live·Open questions in longevity research
All eight approaches

03 / 08 · Research directions

Enhancing biological function

Increase the capacity to move, think, resist infection and recover, with useful function as the measure of success.

A walking human silhouette with vascular branches and muscle fibres, made from cut coloured paper.
Conceptual illustration

Build the capacity to live and recover

This approach starts with what an organism can do. Muscle strength, immune protection, cognitive performance and recovery all have measurable limits. Training, regeneration, cell therapies and replacement technologies offer different ways to restore lost capacity or explore an increase in functional reserve.

What to investigate

  1. Choose outcomes that matter in life: mobility, resistance to infection, independent living and recovery after stress.

  2. Compare gains at rest with performance under load and the ability to return to baseline.

  3. Assess how long an improvement lasts and whether it creates a trade-off in another tissue or function.

Evidence to build on

The LIFE randomised trial studied structured physical activity in older adults at risk of disability. Compared with a health education programme, physical activity reduced major mobility disability, assessed through the ability to walk 400 metres. It provides a concrete example of testing preserved function directly.

What remains unresolved

Preserving mobility is a specific clinical benefit. Claims about whole-body rejuvenation, longer life or capacity beyond the usual range require separate evidence and endpoints.

The next useful experiment

Compare a candidate intervention with an appropriate control using a predefined functional test, recovery time and adverse effects, then follow participants or animals after treatment ends.

Proposed experiments

The wider strategy

The presentation discusses replacement at the level of organs, cells and functions. This approach connects those technologies through a common outcome: the capacity they restore or add.

The Death-Fighting Spectrum presentation